Linus Pauling

Together with Ewan Cameron, Pauling reported extended survival among patients with advanced cancers receiving vitamin C and popularised the idea of a major anticancer effect. The research was criticised for its non-randomised control groups and methodology.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

Arthur Robinson, co-founder and director of Pauling's institute, was ousted following a dispute concerning, among other matters, the institute's management and experimental findings on vitamin C and cancer. Robinson brought extensive proceedings for breach of contract and defamation.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Institutional responsibility

Pauling formalised the concept of orthomolecular medicine and psychiatry and advocated the idea that high doses of vitamins could contribute to treating schizophrenia and other disorders.

Attribution

Directly implicated

Pauling popularised the idea that high doses of vitamin C could prevent or substantially alleviate the common cold. His fame turned this theory into a widespread social phenomenon and a sharp conflict with parts of the medical community.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

The Senate Internal Security Subcommittee summoned Pauling and demanded that he disclose the identities of people who helped collect signatures for his anti-nuclear petition. He refused, believing they would face professional and political reprisals.

State of the evidence

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Attribution

Protagonist is a witness

Pauling and other citizens brought proceedings in federal court to prevent US authorities from continuing nuclear tests. The courts dismissed the action for lack of a justiciable issue and standing.

State of the evidence

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Attribution

Protagonist is the complainant

Pauling and his wife coordinated an international appeal signed by more than 11,000 scientists calling for an end to atmospheric nuclear testing. The initiative made him a leading figure in disarmament and, simultaneously, a target for officials accusing him of serving communist propaganda.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated

The US State Department repeatedly refused to issue or renew Pauling's passport, citing security considerations and his political commitments. This prevented him from attending certain international conferences.

State of the evidence

Documented

Attribution

Directly implicated