Portrait of Trevor Milton

Photo: Miljøstiftelsen ZERO · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

Born in United States · Nationality American — Electric and hydrogen vehicles / investor fraud / corporate governance / presidential pardon / civil litigation

Trevor Milton

Documented profile covering 17 controversies, including “February 2026: appellate court upholds $167.727 million arbitration award despite his arguments on causation” and “September 2026: pardon does not allow him to erase civil consequences of fraud findings in Nikola bankruptcy”.

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Profile No. 2044 · Updated on 12 October 2026

Portrait of Trevor Milton

Photo: Miljøstiftelsen ZERO · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons

17Documented controversies
11Sources
1 followed by a conviction

I. Documented controversies

01

5 February 2026

February 2026: appellate court upholds $167.727 million arbitration award despite his arguments on causation

Civil / administrative proceedings

The Ninth Circuit rejected Milton's arguments and upheld the judgment confirming the $167.727 million arbitration award.

Legal status — source text
Arbitration award of about $167.7 million left in force

Sources · 1

  1. [1]
    U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit via JustiaNikola Corporation v. Milton, No. 24-6210Court decisionVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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02

10–11 September 2026

September 2026: pardon does not allow him to erase civil consequences of fraud findings in Nikola bankruptcy

Civil / administrative proceedings

Federal rulings in September 2026 rejected the argument that the presidential pardon erased the underlying facts: one maintained subordination of his approximately $70 million claim in Nikola's bankruptcy, while another prevented certain liability issues from being relitigated in the investors' action.

Attribution
Directly implicated

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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Case · 10 documented stages

27 March 2025: full and unconditional presidential pardon from Donald Trump

Conviction
03

27 March 2025

27 March 2025: full and unconditional presidential pardon from Donald Trump

Conviction

Donald Trump granted Milton a full and unconditional pardon for his federal securities fraud and wire fraud convictions, remitting the criminal sentences and sanctions covered by the pardon.

State of the evidence
Documented
Attribution
Directly implicated

Sources · 2

  1. [1]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Office of the Pardon AttorneyClemency Grants by President Donald J. Trump (2025-Present)Official documentVery high reliability
  2. [2]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Office of the Pardon AttorneyExecutive Grant of Clemency — Trevor MiltonOfficial documentVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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07

18 December 2023

December 2023: four-year prison sentence for fraud

Conviction

Milton was sentenced to four years in prison and three years of supervised release on the three fraud counts upheld by the jury.

Legal status — source text
48-month sentence plus supervised release
Attribution
Accused

Sources · 2

  1. [1]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkTrevor Milton Sentenced To Four Years In Prison For Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability
  2. [2]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Office of the Pardon AttorneyClemency Grants by President Donald J. Trump (2025-Present)Official documentVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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08

14 October 2022

October 2022: convicted on one securities fraud count and two wire fraud counts

Conviction

After a month-long trial, Milton was convicted on three counts concerning his lies to investors about Nikola.

State of the evidence
Established by a court
Attribution
Accused

Sources · 1

  1. [1]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkTrevor Milton Sentenced To Four Years In Prison For Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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09

29 July 2021

July 2021: federal indictment for investor fraud

Conviction

Federal prosecutors indicted Milton over a broad scheme of false or misleading statements designed to attract retail investors to Nikola.

Attribution
Accused

Sources · 1

  1. [1]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkFormer Nikola Corporation CEO Trevor Milton Charged In Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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11

November 2019–September 2020

2019–2020: false claims about technologies and components developed 'in-house'

Conviction

Milton repeatedly claimed that Nikola had developed its own technologies, software, batteries, propulsion systems or components that had in fact been purchased, supplied by others or not yet developed.

State of the evidence
Established by a court
Attribution
Personally implicated

Sources · 3

  1. [1]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkFormer Nikola Corporation CEO Trevor Milton Charged In Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability
  2. [2]
    U.S. Securities and Exchange CommissionNikola Corporation to Pay $125 Million to Resolve Fraud ChargesRegulatory authorityVery high reliability
  3. [3]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkTrevor Milton Sentenced To Four Years In Prison For Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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12

2019–2020

2019–2020: misleading statements about hydrogen production and costs

Conviction

Milton claimed that Nikola was already producing hydrogen or had highly advanced production capacity and costs, when the company was not yet producing the hydrogen described to investors.

State of the evidence
Established by a court
Attribution
Personally implicated

Sources · 2

  1. [1]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkFormer Nikola Corporation CEO Trevor Milton Charged In Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability
  2. [2]
    U.S. Securities and Exchange CommissionNikola Corporation to Pay $125 Million to Resolve Fraud ChargesRegulatory authorityVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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13

2020

2020: Nikola Badger promoted as advanced prototype despite heavy reliance on third parties and donor vehicle

Conviction

Milton promoted the Badger pick-up truck as a technologically advanced Nikola product nearing completion, while the case showed reliance on third parties and a donor vehicle for the functioning mock-up.

Attribution
Personally implicated

Sources · 2

  1. [1]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkFormer Nikola Corporation CEO Trevor Milton Charged In Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability
  2. [2]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkTrevor Milton Sentenced To Four Years In Prison For Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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14

2020

2020: reservations and orders presented as evidence of billions in future revenue despite being non-binding

Conviction

Milton promoted the value of truck orders and reservations to support Nikola's commercial prospects, although a substantial proportion were non-binding and did not guarantee the projected revenue.

State of the evidence
Documented
Attribution
Personally implicated

Sources · 2

  1. [1]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkFormer Nikola Corporation CEO Trevor Milton Charged In Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability
  2. [2]
    U.S. Securities and Exchange CommissionNikola Corporation to Pay $125 Million to Resolve Fraud ChargesRegulatory authorityVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

Add to this entry

16

January 2018

2018: 'Nikola One in Motion' video — truck filmed rolling downhill after being towed uphill

Conviction

Nikola released a video giving the impression that the Nikola One prototype was moving under its own power. Evidence in the case established that it had been towed to the top of a slope and then filmed rolling downhill under gravity.

Attribution
Directly implicated

Sources · 2

  1. [1]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkFormer Nikola Corporation CEO Trevor Milton Charged In Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability
  2. [2]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkTrevor Milton Sentenced To Four Years In Prison For Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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17

December 2016

2016: Nikola One presented as fully functional truck when prototype was not operational

Conviction

At the Nikola One unveiling, Milton gave the public and investors the impression that it was a functional vehicle, although the prototype could not move under its own power and contained non-operational components.

Attribution
Personally implicated

Sources · 2

  1. [1]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkFormer Nikola Corporation CEO Trevor Milton Charged In Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability
  2. [2]
    U.S. Department of Justice — Southern District of New YorkTrevor Milton Sentenced To Four Years In Prison For Securities Fraud SchemeCourt recordVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

Add to this entry

04

11 September 2025

September 2025: SEC dismisses its personal civil action against Milton with prejudice

Civil / administrative proceedings

The SEC and Milton filed a stipulation dismissing with prejudice the civil action the regulator had brought against him in 2021.

Attribution
Accused

Sources · 2

  1. [1]
  2. [2]
    U.S. Securities and Exchange CommissionNikola Corporation to Pay $125 Million to Resolve Fraud ChargesRegulatory authorityVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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05

10 September 2024

September 2024: federal court confirms $167.7 million arbitration award

Civil / administrative proceedings

A federal judge confirmed the arbitration award requiring Milton to pay approximately $167.7 million to Nikola.

Attribution
Accused

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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06

November 2023

November 2023: arbitration finds approximately $167.7 million owed to Nikola for breach of fiduciary duties

Civil / administrative proceedings

An arbitration panel found that Milton's breaches of his duties to Nikola had caused major costs, including much of the SEC penalty and legal expenses, and ordered him to pay approximately $167.7 million.

Legal status — source text
Arbitration award of about $167.7 million against Milton
Attribution
Accused

Sources · 2

  1. [1]
  2. [2]
    U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit via JustiaNikola Corporation v. Milton, No. 24-6210Court decisionVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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10

21 December 2021

December 2021: Nikola pays $125 million to settle SEC allegations relating to statements by Milton and company

Civil / administrative proceedings

Nikola agreed to pay $125 million to settle SEC allegations that investors had been misled about its products, technology, hydrogen production, orders and business prospects.

State of the evidence
Settlement

Sources · 1

  1. [1]
    U.S. Securities and Exchange CommissionNikola Corporation to Pay $125 Million to Resolve Fraud ChargesRegulatory authorityVery high reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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15

September 2020

September 2020: public allegations of historical sexual assaults — Milton denies them; no criminal conviction attributed

No legal proceedings

Two women publicly accused Milton of sexual assaults dating back to their adolescence or early adulthood, in accounts that became public in 2020.

State of the evidence
Allegations
Attribution
Accused

Sources · 1

  1. [1]
    The Washington PostNikola founder faces second accusation of sexual assaultPressHigh reliability

Last verified: 14 September 2026

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II. Constellation of documented links

  • Linked profile (portrait or initials) — click to open it
  • Line width: number of documented references
  • Hover over or tap a line: controversies and sources

Two profiles are linked when a documented controversy of one names the other. The link points to that controversy and its sources; it does not indicate a personal relationship.

List of documented links (1)
  1. Donald Trump1 documented reference

III. Has something changed?

A new court decision, a missing source, a mistake? Tell us what should be updated: every request is read by the editorial team.

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